Air brakes are used on most large commercial vehicles because they are more reliable and powerful than hydraulic brakes. However, they require specialized knowledge to operate safely. If your vehicle has air brakes, you must pass the air brakes knowledge test.
The air brake system consists of a compressor, reservoirs (tanks), foot valve (brake pedal), brake chambers, and slack adjusters. Air pressure must be built up before the vehicle can be driven safely. Know the critical pressure points: cut-in pressure (around 100 psi), cut-out pressure (around 125 psi), and the minimum operating pressure.
Brake lag is unique to air brakes — there’s a delay of about half a second between pressing the pedal and the brakes engaging, which adds to stopping distance. Understanding the spring brake (parking brake), emergency systems, and how to test for air leaks is essential for the CDL exam.